Optimal Certi cation Design
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper analyzes the rating of a product of unknown quality by a certi er who internalizes the buyers' surplus and receives payments from a seller. It shows that contrary to conventional wisdom, a regulation that prohibits contingent payments hinders information revelation and harms social welfare when the contract between seller and certi er is public. If the contract is private (buyers do not observe the payments), contingent payments can lead to rating in ation : high ratings are issued for a wide range of qualities and ratings have limited information value. Mandating at fees then prevents rating in ation and can increase welfare.
منابع مشابه
Bi-directional Analysis for Certi cation of Safety-Critical Software
For safety-critical systems, it is insu cient to certify the developer and the development process. Certi cation of the software product itself is also needed. SFMEA (Software Failure Modes and E ects Analysis) and SFTA (Software Fault Tree Analysis) are two engineering techniques that have been used successfully for a number of years and in a variety of safety-critical applications to verify s...
متن کاملCertifying Software for High-Assurance Environments
Software certi cation processes have become so intertwined with development processes that true product certi cation which should demonstrate that the software will behave appro priately is almost never employed This de ciency calls for a new generation of certi cation processes This paper presents a methodology for certifying software systems that will be em ployed in environments with high as...
متن کاملA Design for a Security-typed Language with Certi cate-based Declassi cation
This paper presents a calculus that supports informationow security policies and certi cate-based declassi cation. The decentralized label model and its downgrading mechanisms are concisely expressed in the polymorphic lambda calculus with subtyping (System F ). We prove a conditioned version of the noninterference theorem such that authorization for declassi cation is justi ed by digital certi...
متن کاملLimited Software Warranties
Because there are di erent types of software e g language application target environment etc di erent software certi cation methodologies are needed Software process improvement schemes have not taken this approach and have therefore suf fered in widespread adoption as a result Their one approach ts all perspective is one reason why we are now seeing more customized process improvement schemes ...
متن کاملWhat is QCM ?
QCM stands for `Query Certi cate Manager'; it is a software system that has been developed at the University of Pennsylvania as part of the SwitchWare project on active networks. QCM is a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) intended to support secure maintenance of distributed data sets like Access Control Lists (ACL's) or public key certi cate repositories. An ACL is a list of `principals', identi...
متن کامل